The Effectiveness of STEAM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Art, and Math) to Improve Students' Achievement in Electrochemistry

This research have goals to determine the increase in student learning outcomes using STEAM learning is better than improving student learning outcomes using direct instructions in Electrochemistry Before treatment, 25 pretest questions were given . Then given a different treatment, the experimental class studied using STEAM learning and the control class studied with direct instructions. After the treatment given a post-test. In the pretest, the experimental class average was 40.11 and in the control class was 39.11. In the post-test, the experimental class was 83 and the control class was 75.40. The effectiveness of STEAM learning is 25% compared to Direct Instructions. The conclusion of this research is learning outcomes using STEAM learning are better than Direct Instructions. The difference in student learning outcomes using STEAM with student learning outcomes using the lecture method is 19%


Introduction
Since the future of the country and the next generation are actually the responsibility of the teacher, they must pay attention to the requests and expectations of the community for education. It is the responsibility of the teacher to educate students, so they must be able to instill in them important life lessons. Science  Teachers should be able to encourage students to learn by utilizing their potential optimally (Nurfadilah & Siswanto, 2020).
In learning chemistry, students have difficulties. One of them is the abstract concept of chemistry, many difficult terms to understand, teacher-centered learning, and the inability to link one concept to another or to a relevant context. (Ridwan et al., 2021) Chemistry is abstract matter.
We learning about knowledge in around of us that cannot we see directly (Nurfadilah & Siswanto, 2020

Time and Location
This study was carried out at the public high school in Batang Angkola, North Sumatra, Indonesia. In the 12th grade, this research was done.

Population dan Sample
Population of the research is all of students in 12th grades in public high school in Batang Angkola, North Sumatera, Indonesia. The population consist of four classes of 12th grade.
The sample of this reseacrh is class A as experiment class and class B as control class. Total sample become 70 students, 35 students for each class.

Research Design
In this research, the experimental class was given learning treatment using STEAM learning and the control class was given learning treatment using direct instruction. Before being given treatment, both classes were given a pretest to find out their initial knowledge about the electrochemistry topic. After getting the pretest data, the control class was given lecture method learning and the experimental class was given STEAM learning. After that, a post-test was given in both classes.
From the post-test obtained the final data on learning outcomes. The data will be analyzed and after we analyze it, we can conclude the research results.
The image (see figure 1) below depicts the full research design.

Research Instrument
Research instrument for this treatment is 25 question multiple choice with 5 option for Pretest and Post-test.

Data Analyze Normalized Gain
Normalized gain is for measure the effectiveness.

Result And Discussion
Based pretest and post-test, we got data of research in experiment class and control class and gain of data.

Result of Experiment Class
In experiment class, we use the STEAM approach to learning to administer a pretest and treatment.
Furthermore, following the treatment, we administered a post-test using the same electrochemistry material, and the results are shown below (Table 1).

Result of Control Class
In the experiment class, we administered the pretest and provided clear instructions for the treatment; following the treatment, we administered the post-test using the same electrochemistry material, and the results are shown in the table below. Based on Table 2,  We can infer from the data that the post-test score for the experiment class is higher than for the control class. The achievements of students in electrochemistry that are given to treat STEAM learning are superior to those given by direct instruction to make students understand chemistry topics, especially electrochemistry.

Data of Gain
We obtained gain data from the pretest and post-test analyses, as shown in the table below. The results were as follows  better than direct instruction. In the experiment class, we received scores ranging from 60 to 90. It means that the student's achievement has increased in this topic. In the control class, students' achievement was from 50 to 75, there is an increase in achievement but not higher than experiment class.

Conclusion
Based on the results above, it can be concluded that the learning achievement of students taught by STEAM-based learning is better than the learning achievement of students taught by the lecture method with a sig hypothesis of 0.000. So, the effectiveness of student achievement taught by STEAM-based learning is 25% compared to the learning achievement of students taught by the lecture method.